Colorado.com Staff Writer

<p>Colorado is home to some of the nation's best-preserved cliff dwellings and Native American archeological finds.</p>


Native American History in Southwest Colorado

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Cliff dwellings inside Mesa Verde National Park near Cortez, CO

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<p>A tour around southwest Colorado leads you through the history of the Ancestral Puebloan, Ute and Navajo people and includes visits to Mesa Verde National Park, museums and other amazing sites.</p>
<h2>Mesa Verde National Park</h2>
<p>Just east of <a href="/cities-and-towns/Cortez">Cortez</a>, visit the spectacular cliff dwellings and mesa-top villages in world-renowned <a href="/articles/mesa-verde-national-park-itinerary">Mesa Verde National Park</a>, a World Heritage Site and one of the top historic monuments in the world. Ranger-guided, self-guided and half-day guided tours are available in the park. Enjoy dinner at the famous <a href="https://www.colorado.com/local-cuisine/metate-room"> Metate Room</a> with views that will take your breath away.</p>
<h2>Cortez</h2>
<p>Visit the <a href="https://www.blm.gov/learn/interpretive-centers/CANM-visitor-center-museum">Canyons of the Ancients Visitor Center &amp; Museum</a>, an archaeological museum and the headquarters for the <a href="/history-museums/canyons-ancients-national-monument-visitor-center-and-museum-blm">Canyons of the Ancients National Monument</a> (north of Cortez). The center includes archaeological exhibits, hands-on activities, cultural videos and small archaeological sites. Attend free Native American dances and cultural programs at the <a href="/history-museums/cortez-cultural-center">Cortez Cultural Center</a> in the evening (during the summer months).</p>
<h2>Chimney Rock &amp; Pagosa Springs</h2>
<p>From mid-May to mid-October, take a trip back in time at <a href="/pagosa-springs/chimney-rock-national-monument">Chimney Rock National Monument</a>. This site, once home to the ancestors of the modern Pueblo people, is of great spiritual significance today and became a national monument in 2012. Travel on to <a href="http://www.colorado.com/pagosa-springs-channel">Pagosa Springs</a>, whose name is a Ute Indian word meaning “healing waters.” The hot mineral springs here are renowned for their healing qualities. Give them a try and learn the lore of the fight for ownership of the hot springs between the Ute and Navajo peoples.</p>
<h2>Ouray</h2>
<p>Drive from Pagosa Springs to <a href="/cities-and-towns/Ouray">Ouray</a>, joining the <a href="/scenic-historic-byway/san-juan-skyway-scenic-and-historic-byway">San Juan Skyway</a> in <a href="/cities-and-towns/Durango">Durango</a>, and follow it through <a href="/cities-and-towns/Silverton">Silverton</a> into <a href="/cities-and-towns/Ouray">Ouray</a>. As you travel along this All-American Road, often called “The Most Beautiful Drive in America,” reflect on this area from the perspective of the Ute Indians, who utilized these mountains as a summer camp for their family groups over the centuries. In Ouray, their hot springs also had special significance for the Uncompahgre Band of Utes. They called the hot springs “sacred miracle waters,” and used them for both ceremonial and healing purposes, even bathing their beloved horses in the steaming waters. In the late 19th century, Chief Ouray built a small summer home at the hot springs where the <a href="/lodge/wiesbaden-hot-springs-spa-and-lodgings">Wiesbaden Spa</a> is now located.</p>
<h2>Montrose</h2>
<p>Visit the <a href="/history-museums/ute-indian-museum">Ute Indian Museum</a> in <a href="/cities-and-towns/Montrose">Montrose</a>, one of the few museums in the country devoted solely to one tribe. The life and culture of the Ute People, the indigenous inhabitants of western Colorado, are commemorated in this museum. The grounds include the Ouray Memorial and the grave of Chipeta, wife of Chief Ouray. Travel on to explore <a href="/articles/explore-black-canyon-gunnison-national-park-what-you-need-know">Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park</a>. This steep, dark canyon has been a barrier to humans from time immemorial. Only the rim, never the gorge, shows any evidence of human occupation.</p>
<h2>Delta</h2>
<p>Discover the Ute Council Tree. Dedicated in memory of Chief Ouray and his wife, Chipeta, this historic cottonwood tree (poplus deltoides) once stood nearly 100 feet tall, and it's been claimed that at this site he and his warriors met with white settlers for pipe-smoking ceremonies to settle their differences. Chipeta was also said to have been the only Native American woman ever permitted to sit in council meetings. Unfortunately, due to disease and concerns over the branches falling, the decision was made in August 2017 to remove the upper trunk and branches, leaving a 23-foot stump. The Delta County Historical Society placed a sign as a reminder of the site's cultural heritage. Venture into the frontier at Fort Uncompahgre in <a href="/cities-and-towns/Delta">Delta</a> on a site where Ute Indians and trappers once traded.</p>
<h2>Want More?</h2>
<p><a href="https://www.colorado.com/articles/colorado-hot-springs-heritage">Explore the history and heritage of Colorado hot springs</a></p>
<p><a href="https://www.colorado.com/byways/trail-ancients">Learn about the Trail of the Ancients byway</a></p>


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